The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is an intricate saddle articulation that is integral for maintaining hand dexterity. Thumb pathologies, including joint and ligamentous injuries, present challenges with hand function and fine motor movement.
Thumb Pathologies
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Thumb Carpometacarpal (CMC) Arthritis
Repetitive compression, progressive joint instability, and shear forces in palmar contact areas lead to articular cartilage loss and thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritic staging helps guide appropriate treatment selection, includi...
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Thumb Carpometacarpal (CMC) Dislocation (Non-Arthritic)
Dislocation of the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint in the absence of arthritis can occur due to trauma or generalized ligamentous laxity. Surgical fixation is indicated in most cases to restore joint stability.
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Thumb Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) Injuries
The thumb's ulnar collateral ligament resists valgus forces. Careful evaluation of ligamentous integrity and joint stability following thumb ulnar collateral ligament injuries is needed to determine whether conservative or surgical management is indica...